BIOL 219: Animal Physiology is an in-depth course that explores the physiological processes and mechanisms underlying the functioning of animals. Through this course, students will gain a comprehensive understanding of how animals regulate their internal environment, respond to stimuli, and maintain homeostasis. They will explore the major physiological systems of animals, including the nervous, muscular, respiratory, circulatory, digestive, excretory, and endocrine systems. Students will also learn about the integration of these systems and their adaptations to various environmental challenges. This course will provide a solid foundation in animal physiology and its relevance to the study of biological diversity and ecological interactions.